Picture credit: Konrad Hofmann Jewish Sects and Movements during the Intertestamental Period (New Testament Background, part-3) (a) Temple, Law, and Priests (Sadducees) The Pentateuch was completed long before Hellenism. The re-established Jerusalem temple was the center of the religion. Though the highest political authority was the Persians, the Jerusalem temple state held the highest authority, with no other authority surpassing that of the temple and priests. The guardians of the temple and its cult, as well as the interpreters of the law, were the priests. The priests were the wealthiest aristocrats in the land. It is concluded that the wealthiest priestly families were open to Hellenistic elements. One of the reasons for the Maccabean revolt was the Hellenization of the priests, particularly the family of the Oniads. After the revolt, the Hasmoneans were supported by priests with different theological orientations who stood against Hellenization. The priests during the time of t...